Introduction about IONM Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring divided in two major parts. I-Monitoring . II-Mapping . What are the types of Modalities we use in different cranium and spine surgery. Motor. Sensory. Reflex ( To assess the afferent and efferent pathways) Signal Recording. Signal records various part of the body depend on procedures . Clinical Implications. Standard … Continue reading What is Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM)?How it is help in Neurosurgery and Orthopedic deformity type of Spine Surgery?.